Looking at Coats of Arms
Colors. The use of colors in coats of arms is not particularly varied. They are used mainly for backgrounds and sometimes as part of motifs including two (occasionally more) colors. With the notable exception of Scottish crests which incorporate tartans (plaids) into their crests sometimes, most of the colors are solid.
*Gold = generosity
*Silver or white = peace, sincerity
*Blue = loyalty, truth
*Green = hope, joy
*Red = military strength
*Maroon = patience in battle leading to victory
*Purple = justice, royal majesty
*Orange = worthy and proper ambition
Animals. These elements are among the most commonly depicted in heraldry. Animals have nearly always been associated with certain characteristics and traits, and they make good symbols when it comes to heraldry.
*Lion. This is among the most common used heraldic symbols. Many nations incorporate the lion into their crests and seals, and they are found in a variety of
family and clan coats of arms. The lion means dauntless courage when in rampant (standing on hind legs) position, and bravery, strength, and valor in other positions.
*Eagle. Yet another very common used animal. The most famous uses of the eagle include the Roman Empire and the United States of America. The eagle represents a noble nature, bravery, and strength. Outstretched wings indicate protection and when two-headed it represents two forces joining.
*Bull = bravery, valor
*Cat = vigilance, liberty
*Dolphin = charity, swiftness, love
*Dragon = valiant defender
*Rooster = courage, perseverance
*Fish = true mind, virtue
*Ram = authority
*Unicorn = extreme courage, virtue
*Serpent = wisdom
Plants. Plants are used less often than animals, but they still have their place.
*Shamrock = perpetuity
*Sheaf of Wheat = hopeful harvest
*Rose = grace, beauty, joy, hope
*Laurel Leaves = victory
*Lily (Fleur-de-lis) = purity
*Oak = age (old, respectable family), great strength, growth, fertility
*Acorn = strength, antiquity
Weapons. No crest is complete without some sort of weaponry and/or armor. Here are the more common.
*Hands or Arms Clad in Armor = leadership
*Helmet = strength, invulnerability, wisdom
*Ax = military duty
*Arrow = readiness for battle
*Hammer = honor
*Dagger = justice
*Spear (and Pike as well) = valiant knight, honorable warrior